Resumen
The fifth and final volume of Historia del levantamiento, guerra y revolución de España concludes Conde de Toreno’s comprehensive account of the Spanish War of Independence (1808–1814) against Napoleonic France.
This monumental work offers a detailed and firsthand chronicle of Spain’s political and military upheaval during one of its most defining moments.
In this volume, the author traces the final years of resistance, the fragmentation and realignment of political factions, and the fragile reconstruction of national institutions.
He reflects on the debates that shaped the Cádiz Cortes and the Constitution of 1812, as well as the challenges faced by a nation torn between liberal reform and conservative reaction.
Written by a liberal nobleman and political figure who lived through the events he describes, the work combines rigorous documentation with personal insight. The final volume reinforces Toreno’s central themes: the resilience of the Spanish people, the struggle for constitutional liberty, and the high cost of independence.
It stands as a vital historical source and a passionate tribute to a nation’s fight for self-determination.